WHO-CHOICE CEA Threshold
Classify intervention cost-effectiveness using GDP per capita thresholds.
The marginal cost of health produced elsewhere in the system (Woods et al. 2016). When supplied, this drives the headline verdict; otherwise only the legacy GDP heuristic is shown.
Prefill from reference range for Kazakhstan: $2,200 – $6,000/DALY
Illustrative estimate from the opportunity-cost literature (Woods et al. 2016; Ochalek et al. 2018), NOT an official WHO threshold. Replace with a citable, country-specific value before publication or policy use.
No opportunity-cost threshold supplied
Enter a health-system opportunity-cost threshold above for the recommended verdict. Only the legacy GDP-multiple heuristic (below) is shown, which WHO and Bertram et al. (2016) have disavowed for decision-making.
Legacy heuristic (discouraged by WHO/Bertram 2016 — shown for reference)
Highly cost-effective
ICER: $5,000/DALY
GDP/capita
$11,477
ICER
$5,000
Ratio
0.44x GDP
Recommendations
No opportunity-cost threshold supplied
CautionEnter a health-system opportunity-cost threshold (marginal cost per DALY/QALY) for the recommended verdict. Without it, only the legacy GDP-multiple heuristic is shown, which WHO and Bertram et al. (2016) have disavowed for decision-making.
ICER $5,000/DALY <= 1x GDP ($11,477)
InfoHighly cost-effective by WHO-CHOICE criteria. There is strong economic justification for adoption.
Important caveat
InfoWHO-CHOICE GDP thresholds are a simplified heuristic. More nuanced approaches such as opportunity cost and budget impact analysis are recommended for policy decisions.